Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms and TreatmentIn diabetes mellitus, the blood glucose level of affected patients is permanently elevated. We explain the causes and symptoms of the disease and how it is treated.
For links on this page the dealer pays if necessary. a commission, z.B. for those marked with or green underlining. More info. What causes. Symptoms diabetes has? Diabetes is divided into two main types: Type 1 diabetes, which affects 95% of patients. Diabetes type 2. The two types have different causes. The two types have different causes.
– At Diabetes type 1, which affects about 5% of patients, the body's insulin-producing cells are destroyed due to an autoimmune disease or a permanent insulin deficiency. – The risk factors for this type are largely unknown, but there is often a family predisposition. Diabetes type 2, which affects 95% of patients, is caused by the body's cells responding less and less to insulin. – Family predispositions, as well as an unhealthy lifestyle and an old age favor the illness at this type, it counts thus to the illnesses in the age. – Symptoms of diabetes include a constant urge to urinate, feeling thirsty, weight loss, faintness, muscle cramps, menstrual and menstrual cycle disorders or visual disturbances. – Nonspecific symptoms such as ravenous appetite, cold sweats, rapid heartbeat, or dizziness can also indicate the presence of diabetes.
How diabetes is treated?
Diagnosis of diabetes is made with the help of a blood test at the doctor's office. The aim of the treatment is to stabilize blood glucose levels and prevent both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
Diabetes type 1 is always treated with the administration of insulin. The insulin is supplied to the body thereby from the outside. A distinction is made between short-acting insulin, which reduces blood glucose levels in the short term, and long-acting insulin, which is effective for a day or longer. – Type 1 diabetics therefore administer themselves an individual insulin combination about three times a day. The basic need is covered with the long-term effective insulin, in addition, the short-acting insulin is administered at meals depending on the measured blood glucose value. – The insulin is administered by means of a pen or a pump worn on the body. For people who cannot cope with this intensified form of therapy, such as dementia patients, there is a conventional therapy. – In this case, a fixed mixture of both types of insulin is injected twice a day, but the diet must be precisely defined in this treatment and the blood glucose level must be measured regularly. – Insulin is injected into the fatty tie of the subcutis on the abdomen or inner thighs. The spots should be changed regularly to avoid hardening. Diabetes type 2 can be treated without insulin. Here, goals are first set with a doctor to change diet and lifestyle to improve weight, blood lipid levels and blood prere. – If the measures are not sufficient, usually the active substance Metformin is resorted to, which lowers the blood sugar level and inhibits the formation of glucose in the liver. If the drug is not tolerated, there are alternatives that are used.