Prevalence of diabetesDiabetes is one of the common diseases. It is a chronic disease that can promote hearing loss. However, there are some therapeutic approaches that promise relief.
Publication: Hearing and diabetes
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Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar) or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The overall risk of death in diabetics is at least twice as high as in peers without diabetes.
Based on data from the National Health Interview Survey in the U.S., the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is 1.6 million people or. 0.58% of the world's population in 1958 to 21.1 million people or. Up 6.95% in 2012. In 2004, Wild et al. estimated that until 2030 at 30.3 million people respectively. 8.3% of the U.S. population will be diagnosed with diabetes.
Social scenario and epidemiology Examined by Elizabeth P. Helzner, PhD, assistant professor of epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY, USA. This development can be observed worldwide. The IDF Diabetes Atlas of 2013 estimates that the number of people diagnosed with diabetes worldwide was 382 million in 2013. This number is expected to increase by 55% to 592 million by 2035.
Prevalence of diabetes in the USA
According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 382 million patients worldwide have diabetes. This number is expected to increase by 55% in the coming years. Could reach 590 million by 2035. The prevalence of diabetes increases with age: in fact, according to a study by Narayan et al. Prevalence is expected to increase by 8.76% in people over 75 years of age, by 4.3% in people between 45 and 64 years of age, and by 1.09% in people between 20 and 44 years of age. The prevalence of diabetes varies significantly by continent. The lowest prevalence is found in Africa, and the highest in North America, the Middle East and North Africa.
This distribution is also observed in other European countries. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has reported that the average prevalence of diabetes in Europe as a whole is 6.4%. However, depending on the country, estimates range from the lowest prevalence in Iceland (3.3%) and Sweden (4.4%) to the highest prevalence in Cyprus (9.5%) and Portugal (9.8%). (Details consensus paper diabetes on page 7: chart 3)
In the U.S., the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes ranges from 5.9% in Vermont to 11.3% in Mississippi, depending on the state. (Details consensus paper diabetes on page 7: chart 4). All data presented so far have been age-adjusted, as the prevalence of diabetes increases with age. Narayan et al. studied the age-related prevalence of diabetes. Projected its future prevalence. Prevalence of diabetes. Predicted its future prevalence. As seen in chart 5, the prevalence of diabetes in older age groups is projected to increase significantly by 2030.
So far, we have described the prevalence of diabetes in general. However, there are several diabetes variants. According to the WHO diabetes fact sheet:
– Is Type 1 diabetes a relatively rarer variant of the disease characterized by a lack of insulin production. Without daily insulin administration, type 1 diabetes rapidly leads to death. Type 2 diabetes results from insulin resistance. Approximately 90% of diabetics worldwide have type 2 diabetes. This is largely the result of being too overweight. Lack of physical activity. Gestational diabetes Occurs in up to 5% of all pregnancies. It typically continues around the 24. Week of gestation. This occurs when insulin function is blocked, probably by hormones produced by the placenta. This type of diabetes usually disappears after birth. However, women who had gestational diabetes have at least a 7-fold increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life compared to women who had a normal pregnancy.
Type 1 diabetes
Frese and Sandholzer recently described the prevalence of type 1 diabetes in Europe. Their data (Health at a Glance: Europe 2012 – OECD) suggest large regional differences in the prevalence of type 1 diabetes. Genetic factors likely explain much of the regional variation in prevalence.(Details consensus paper diabetes on page 7 chart 6)
Onkamo et al. analyzed 37 studies conducted in 27 countries between 1960 and 1996 on the development of type 1 diabetes. They found an overall increased incidence of 3% per year. This increase was significant in 24 of 37 populations. A somewhat more recent literature study by Patterson et al. came to the same conclusion – an increase of 3.4% per year in the first period (1989 – 1999) and an increase of 3.3% per year in the second period (1999 – 2008).
Type 2 diabetes
One of the most important factors leading to the rapid increase of type 2 diabetes is obesity. Mokdad et al. showed that the risk of type 2 diabetes is 7.4 times higher in adults with a BMI (body mass index) above 40 compared to adults with a normal BMI (between 18.5 and 24.9).
In the U.S., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regularly monitors obesity and diabetes data for each state. These data document the growing epidemic of both health problems: Most states with a high prevalence of obesity also have a high prevalence of diabetes.
Chronic disease management (NCD control – non-communicable diseases) is now a very high priority in the health programs of the EU, the World Health Organization and the United Nations. The four most common chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease and diabetes) account for 86% of all deaths.
Patients with type 2 diabetes have almost twice the mortality rate of people without diabetes. Consequently, the prevention of type 2 diabetes is a high priority in public health care. Type 2 diabetes can be prevented to a certain extent by a change in diet, more physical activity and reduced alcohol consumption. Implementing these measures not only decreases diabetes, but also lowers rates for other common chronic diseases.